Install fedora-rpmdevtools (as root) from Fedora Extras.

yum install fedora-rpmdevtools

Create Build Directories Run fedora-buildrpmtree as a regular user to create the rpmbuild directory tree in your home directory.

fedora-buildrpmtree

Get the Source

Get kernel-XXX.src.rpm from a SRPMS directory of your favorite Fedora mirror.

	Note
	After Fedora Core 2 kernel-source-XXX.rpm does NOT exist.

Install Source

(as regular user) Use rpm to install the kernel source code.

rpm -ihv kernel-XXX.src.rpm

Disable SMP Build (Optional)

If a multi-processor kernel is not needed , edit ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/kernel-XXX.spec to disable the smp build. 

%define buildsmp 0

Disable Xen Build (Optional)

If Xen virtualization functionality is not needed, edit ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/kernel-XXX.spec to disable the Xen build.

%define includexen 0

Customize Release name (Optional)

  Edit ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/kernel-XXX.spec to customize the release name of the kernel you are building. By default, the "%define rhbsys" macro will add your username to the end of the release name.

%define rhbsys  %([ -r /etc/beehive-root -o -n "%{?__beehive_build}" ] && echo || echo .`whoami`)

Prepare Build

Use the rpmbuild prep stage to apply any patches and configure the kernel exactly as it is in the Fedora distribution.

rpmbuild -bp --target=ARCH ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/kernel-XXX.spec

Reconfigure the kernel

Use one of the kernel configuration interfaces (menuconfig, xconfig, etc.) to make changes to the kernel configuration. 

cd ~/rpmbuild/BUILD/kernel-XXX/linux-XXX/
make menuconfig

	Note
	Some of the configuration interfaces require other packages, menuconfig requires ncurses-devel, xconfig requires qt-devel, and gmenu requires gtk2-devel.

(x86 architectures) Edit the .config file

 The first line of .config needs "i386" on the first line. Edit the file to make sure it looks like this. 

# i386	

Copy .config file and Return to home directory The entire source tree, including .config, will be overwritten before the actual build, so copy .config to the SOURCES directory replacing the original configuration for your architecture. Return to home directory because the directory you are in will be automatically deleted and created again in the next step.

cp .config ~/rpmbuild/SOURCES/kernel-XXX-ARCH.config
cd				

Build The Kernel

The -bb option to rpmbuild will build the kernel binary package performing every rpm build stage along the way but with the new configuration.

rpmbuild -bb --target=ARCH ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/kernel-XXX.spec

	Note
	The option -ba should be used to make a source rpm if the new kernel will be distributed.

Install the Kernel RPM

rpm -ivh ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/ARCH/kernel-2.6.XXX.NAME.rpm
rpm -ivh ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/ARCH/kernel-devel-2.6.XXX.NAME.rpm